What Is IVF? A Plain-Language Procedure Guide

The IVF process, step by step, without the jargon.

Bottom line up front: IVF combines eggs and sperm outside the body, then transfers a resulting embryo into the uterus — a multi-stage process typically spanning several weeks per cycle.

The IVF process, step by step

1

Ovarian stimulation

Medications stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs, rather than the single egg of a natural cycle.

2

Egg retrieval

A minor surgical procedure retrieves the mature eggs.

3

Fertilization

Eggs are fertilized with sperm in a lab setting.

4

Embryo development and optional genetic testing

Resulting embryos develop for several days; PGT-A (chromosomal screening) or PGT-M (specific genetic disease screening) can be performed at this stage.

5

Embryo transfer

A selected embryo is transferred into the uterus, either in the same cycle (fresh transfer) or a later cycle (frozen transfer).

This explainer, and all IVF content across this network, is scoped strictly to PGT-A (chromosomal) and PGT-M (specific genetic disease) screening — not family balancing.

Why cycle counts vary

Not every cycle results in a successful pregnancy — success rates depend heavily on age and individual factors, which is why many patients require more than one cycle. This variability is a genuine biological reality, not a marketing gap.

See colombianivf.com for Colombia-specific IVF provider information.

The Takeaway

IVF is a multi-stage biological process with inherent variability — understanding each stage helps set realistic expectations before you begin.